Distribution Path of Total and Active Carbonates, and Iron Oxides under Two Different Forest Tree Species

Abstract The research area was in Iraq’s Kurdistan region’s Duhok province. Oak and pine were chosen as the two woodland tree species. At each location, five pedons dug, soil horizons then sampled. Because both types of forest formed from limestone parent materials Pine trees substantially more carbonate than oak trees, calcium concentration increased. active varies horizon to horizon, but it is often lower on surface horizons, its distribution pattern matches that clay. Iron oxides soils generally fluctuated between increasing decreasing studied pedons, with highest value iron being discovered at Sarke location. In contrast, clay fraction increased depth correlated an increase content. This study came conclusion follows a similar total consistent movement subsurface due gain associated translocation investigated soils. purpose this clarify pathways free oxides, carbonates soil, under different